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Chan Buddhism During the Times of Venerable Master Yixuan and Venerable Master Hsing Yun: Applying Chinese Chan Principles to Contemporary Society
Linji Venerable Master Yixuan 臨濟義玄 (d. 866) and Fo Guang Venerable Master Hsing Yun 佛光星雲 (1927–), although separated by more than a millennium, innovatively applied Chan teachings to the societies in which they lived to help their devotees discover their humanity and transcend their existential conditions. Both religious leaders not only survived persecution, but brought their faiths to greater heights. This paper studies how these masters adapted Chan Buddhist teachings to the woes and conditions of their times. In particular, I shall review how Venerable Master Yixuan and Venerable Master Hsing Yun adapted the teachings of their predecessors, added value to the sociopolitical milieu of their times, and used familiar language to reconcile reality and their beliefs.
〈台灣佛教新史〉之十八——殖民時期佛教文教事業之一:日本佛教各宗派在台所辦期刊(上)
1894年甲午戰敗,清廷割讓台灣,翌年,日本佛教各宗或隨軍或從扶桑四島遣僧來台,為了宣傳教法,紛紛發行刊物,如1896年11 月,佐佐木發起組織的「臺灣佛教會」發行《教報》第一號。《教報》第一號中的〈臺灣佛教調查〉一文撰稿者,被認為是出自佐佐木之手,對曹洞宗決定來台開教傳道影響甚巨。之後,日本佛教宗派較早創辦的期刊有臨濟宗的《真如》,臨濟宗滹山大悲閣的《真佛教》、日蓮宗的《放光》、淨土宗《信友》雜誌發刊等。4當然這些雜誌主要發行的對象還是自宗信徒為主。
〈台灣佛教新史〉之十一——日本佛教各宗派在台布教發展(一)
日本殖民時期來台的宗派有華嚴宗、天台宗、真言宗(高野派、醍醐派)、禪宗(臨濟宗妙心寺派、曹洞宗)、淨土宗(淨土宗、西山深草派)、真宗(本願寺派、大谷派、木邊派)、日蓮宗、法華宗(顯本法華宗、本門法華宗),共八宗十四派。日本佛教各宗入台後,幾乎都以台北地區為布教中心,隨著時間的推移,以及布教工作的深化,逐漸地跨散到全台,展開殖民半世紀的歷史(1895-1945)。
〈台灣佛教新史〉之十二——殖民時期本土教團的崛起(一)
日本佛教各宗隨著殖民統治者來台布教發展,前後共有八宗十二派,發展的主力以禪宗、淨土宗、真宗系統為主。其中,禪宗來台者有臨濟宗妙心寺派及曹洞宗兩派。
