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無聲唱出百年病――民國佛教與青年星雲 (1939-1949) 的「人間僧伽教育」觀
《無聲息的歌唱》一書是青年星雲來台後所集結的第一本書，其撰寫時間約在1950 年冬。該書透過佛教法物、非法物等，點出佛教弊病。因「物語」所揭櫫佛教現象，距其來台不過一年，故無疑絕大部分佛門事態，當是其在大陸時期的見聞。而文中透過「物語」所傳達的佛教沉痾，不僅是近現代中國佛教所欲改革的內容，更重要的是成為吹響人間佛教的號角。本文欲藉此書探討青年星雲的改革理念，以及其人間佛教藍圖的僧伽教育觀。
戰後人間佛教議題在台灣的開展（1945-1987）―以《臺灣佛教》為中心
佛教雜誌的弘法功能在戰後初期有著不可忽視的重要性，是為當時主要的文字弘法型態。且由於《臺灣佛教》是台灣佛教界最早的一份刊物，又為當時擁有台灣佛教發展主導權之中國佛教會所創辦，因此，本文以《臺灣佛教》為例，期能藉由考察當時佛教界人士於佛教雜誌中發表的文章，來作為人間佛教進入台灣初期如何被討論、實踐的佐證之一。再者，過去探討台灣佛教雜誌的研究較少，故希望藉由此類材料的利用來印證過往學者對相關議題的研究。 本文嘗試藉由對佛教雜誌中所收錄之人間佛教相應內容，分別從戰後台灣的佛教改革背景、佛教雜誌概況、人間佛教相關議題及實行概況等方面，進行史料蒐集、文本分析，梳理雜誌中所收錄之文章、報導。綜合當中與人間佛教相關內容的分析、歸納，總結人間佛教思想在進入台灣初期的討論及其後來發展的狀況。
The Relationship Between Buddhism and Chinese Culture
Buddhist culture is part of Chinese traditional culture. The issue of culture has recently become a hot topic of discussion in intellectual and cultural circles. Concerning this discussion, my understanding is shallow and my thoughts immature. However, I believe that the development of human culture is a continuous process, thus traditional and contemporary culture cannot be completely separated. We should draw out all the valuable essentials of traditional culture to enrich and develop a socialist-oriented national culture. My view is that traditional Chinese culture should also include Buddhist culture. At present, there is a biased opinion of equating the former with Confucian culture, and entirely eradicating the role and contribution of Buddhist culture in traditional Chinese culture. This is unfair and not reflective of historical facts.
The Historic Position of Humanistic Buddhism from the Viewpoint of the Process of Sinicization of Buddhism
Buddhism was founded by Śākyamuni Buddha, and is both a religion and a philosophy. As a religion, Buddhism has a unique belief system, organizational structure, and way of embodying belief through practice (including religious services). Compared to other religions, Buddhism has distinctive characteristics. With the exception of Buddhism, religions believe in an almighty god who is the center of their faith and doctrine. This god is the focus of their worship, and the purpose of their faith is salvation from sin. In contrast, Buddhism has an underlying doctrine and practice of “non-self.” This doctrine rejects the existence of any extrinsic god. It also denies the presence of an intrinsic soul. Therefore, the purpose of its belief is not to receive deliverance from sin, but rather to realize liberation from life’s pain and hardship.
